Laser at Magurele – funded project record worth 293 million euros – will be 1,000 times more powerful than the most powerful laser in the world that now exists. If the project succeeds, over decades, a laser can do the job a giant particle accelerator. The Geneva has a diameter of 27 kilometers. The laser will fit in a building several hundred feet square.

What could be the laser? ”An interesting application is to succeed in separating the useful uranium useless”, says Nicolae Zamfir, director of the Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering “Horia Hulubei”.Such an outcome would have immediate economic implications.While  (an isotope of uranium) is completely useless, uranium-235 (another isotope) is used in reactors to produce electricity, for example.

Separation of uranium useless at useful

Separation may be by laser. Uranium 238 is harder, because it has three extra neutrinos. Thus, it might take a sample from a uranium deposit and laser, could say exactly whether it is worth exploited, depending on the presence of the isotope abundance of 235.

Moreover, the laser could find a way to measure the amount of fuel rods of radioactive material. Now, these bars are changed periodically. At the time of their removal from the production, some bars have long been consumed fuel, while others could be used in a while.

Processing of radioactive waste – a short neutralization time

Laser, however, would have immediate application in the field of nuclear waste. These wastes have a very long time to neutralize, even thousands of years. Therefore, these wastes are kept in huge warehouses and carefully isolated. Laser, researchers can turn, radiation, radioactive nuclei in nuclei with a half-life (meaning offset) less.

In Romania, radioactive waste from the reactor at Magurele stored at Baita Bihor. Dangerous fuel was also transported to Russia. However, countries like Germany, who decided to largely abandon nuclear energy, have thousands of nuclear waste containers to be stored.

A revolution in price – vs. accelerator. laser

Another immediate application would be in medicine. Currently, hospitals money buys protonoterapie accelerators. In short, the machines send a beam of accelerated protons in tissue, in order to destroy the diseased cell accurately without them and the surrounding affected. Such accelerators have migrated from paper into practice, and Siemens to build such machines. University Hospital of Heidelberg, for example, has such a device, simply because the medical facility in Germany and it allows. Unit cost is 100 million dollars.

“It is a price that hospitals in many European countries can afford not and will not decrease significantly over time. Think about it: 100 million dollars for a single hospital. What to speak of Romania? Instead, using laser equipment prices decrease rapidly. A pointer trivial cost tens of thousands of dollars in the 60s, now it’s two lions, “said Zamfir. Also in medicine, lasers could facilitate the production of radioisotopes of great importance in medicine. Radioisotopes (radiopharmaceuticals) are used in medicine, the non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of serious and common diseases like cancer or cardiovascular disease.Medical radioisotope labeled biological molecules are known as “markers” because, given the very small quantities allow us to track certain biological processes.

Radioisotopes for medical use

The most common medical radioisotopes are produced in nuclear reactors. In 2008, the unexpected interruption of the activities of three European reactors produce radioisotopes led the EU to a shortage of radioisotopes for medical use (Molybdenum-99 / technetium-99m).This is applicable and globally, as the largest producer of molybdenum-99, Canadian National Research Universal reactor (NRU), is closed for repairs in May 2009. Therefore, the request could be extremely high and the laser could be Magurele provider such radioisotopes.

Laser acceleration of the talking at first is long-term goal. All long-term, ELI project offers hope to solve one of the largest remaining 11 unsolved mysteries in modern physics: the production of heavy elements heavier than iron in the universe.

What is ELI-NP

Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) is a project developed in three EU countries: Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania.

The Czech project will be implemented (pillar) called Beam Lines. ”We are talking about secondary beam applications,” says Nicolae Zamfir.When the laser interacts with matter to produce X-rays, for example.Czech project will have applications in materials research and life sciences.

In Hungary, the project called “Attosecond Facility”. Hungarian Researchers develop laser specifically to obtain and study very short beams. More specifically, talk beam whose duration is measured in atosecunde. A atosecundă is a unit for a billion billion times smaller than the second.

“The dynamics observed by the cellular level, with successive chance to take pictures during this process,” says Professor Zamfir.Immediate applications of the project will target Hungarian study materials and medicine.

Project in Romania is called ELI-NP. NP stands for Nuclear Physics (Nuclear Physics). Powerful laser will operate on electrons and ions of a material, these particles will be accelerated to nearly the speed of light.

From Czech Republic and Hungary, where studies will be made solely on visible light, in Romania we have both visible light and invisible light. More specifically, we talk about gamma rays, which are high frequency electromagnetic waves produced by interactions between subatomic particles, such as the radioactive decay or collision and annihilation of a pair electron – positron. Based on these rays, diagnostic methods have been developed in different conditions, one of the most interesting extension helping to diagnose cancer in the body. However, rays are so powerful that they can divide, “break” the DNA molecule, the long exposure.

How and why Romania was chosen

First, it should be noted that ELI is a project that provides a great opportunity for researchers from EU Member States in Central and Eastern Europe. But. Institute of Magurele present many advantages in the fight for funding and implementation.

The first laser operation made the IFA (Institute of Physics – the old name of institute) dates from 1962. Five years before this event, Magurele was commissioned first research reactor and first cyclotron in Romania. Production of radioisotopes, one of the goals ELI-NP, is an activity that it carries the Institute since 1974. In the same year, the institute was equipped with an accelerator and a radioactive waste processing center.

In 2000, together with two other European countries opened a center in Magurele multipurpose irradiation, the project is called IRASM.

How powerful is the laser

7-8 years ago, the European Union began to conduct discussions for developing a laser to 1,000 times more powerful than what existed at that time. Today, lasers in the world situation has changed a lot. It is still working on the terawaţilor (terawatt is a unit with a capacity of one billion kilowatts), while the desired building Magurele, the final version of a few hundred laser petawaţi. A pettawat terawaţi equals 1,000.

“It was found that up to several hundred petawaţi is too high. So he decided a two-step development,” said Zamfir. So, first, the two lasers will be built Magurele tens of petawaţi and will be studied best way to synchronize them. Then many will be synchronized lasers, and power will get hundreds of petawaţi, ELI-NP target.

Important dates:

- White Paper project was submitted in 2010

- The project was evaluated by Jaspers, a support institution to obtain EU funding

- Jaspers gave the OK project, qualifying it for funding by the EBRD and the EC. It happens in the summer of 2011

- Technical project, completed in December 2011

- Start of construction, planned for autumn 2012

- Completion, planned for autumn 2014

- First stage of the research infrastructure in 2015

- Operational in December 2016

Financing the project is 293 million euros. 17% of this amount comes from the state budget, the rest are European money.

A study by Chinese scientists on a group of men and women aged between 14 and 21 years,diagnosed as addicted to computer and Internet in particular, gave surprising results.

The researchers scanned the brain waves of the test participants, looking for differences between so-called Internet addicts and ordinary people who do not spend much time on the computer. The study has the motivation desire for a better understanding of changes in their brain structures, so that it can be made ​​more effective drugs to treat this condition.
Special tests performed using a magnetic resonance tomography revealed differences in the physical structure of brain white matter, corresponding nerve fibers connecting brain regions related to the generation and interpretation of emotions, attention, decision making and cognitive control.
Explanation of researchers found that the changes in these structures contribute to the inability of addicts to stop what they do, they came to spend more time on the computer than they need to carry out activities which it had originally proposed .
Similar trends have been discovered for gamers, concluding that extended gaming sessions and Internet browsing without changes in the brain, affecting orbitofrontal cortex and other regions with critical thinking, in a not very different from the effect of consumption of prohibited substances.

A solar storm which has already begun to affect the Earth and radio frequencies affected for several days!

Powerful explosion caused by solar radiation will lead to disruption of radio waves, it can also affect the operation of GSM, writes dailymail.co.uk.
British newspaper quoted experts say geomagnetic explosions on 28 and 29 December, the first days of the solar storm, minor, but that the last day of the year are expected disruption of radio waves. This could affect devices that depend on radio waves, cumr as GSM systems.
The largest solar explosion took place five years last summer, in August, when a cloud of ten billion tons with a speed of over eight million km / h was released into space.
Scientists have warned that in about two years, when they peak, solar explosion could have devastating effects on human technology.
A strong solar storm could cause damage the U.S. economy 20 times larger than those produced by Hurricane Katrina. These two trillion dollars in just the first year after such a catastrophe!

Scientists have developed name for the new elements of Mendeleev’s table.

If the name will be approved, the element with atomic number 114 will become Fleroviu (FL), name chosen in honor of the famous Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov, co-founder of the Laboratory for Nuclear Research Dubna, Russia, where the element was discovered. Spontaneous fission Flyorov discovered uranium.

For the element with atomic number 116 researchers propose the name Livermoriu (LV), after the laboratory in California, where he was discovered element: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). This laboratory researchers have contributed to the discovery of elements 113, 114, 115, 116, 117 and 118 and element 103, Lawrenciu, is named in honor of the founder of California laboratory, EO Lawrence.

The new elements in Mendeleev’s table was created by collaborating teams of Russia and the USA. Researchers have obtained the element 116 by calcium ions colliding curiu, it is rapidly dezintegrându element 114. Also, scientists have obtained the element 114 and the calcium ions colliding with plutonium.

Creating elements 114 and 116 leads scientists to believe that they are closer to an “island of stability”, an area of ​​Mendeleev’s table to be found in the stable heavy elements, which would make possible practical applications.

The name will become official over five months, when it will be 10 years since the discovery of elements.

From now on four iPhone owners should not even worry about how fast the battery discharges smartphone made by Apple.

New optional battery, battery pack Eton Mobius iPhone 4 will allow 20 minutes after the call on which is charged using the sun 1h.

Eton Mobius has a 1800mAh capacity will double the battery life smartphone. But according to the same site, the thickness of the phone will grow by another 20 mm. Below is a photovoltaic panel Li-Ion battery can be fully charged after several hours of sun exposure, or through the USB connector.

New battery does not have a fixed release date and purchase price is itself unknown.

Apple is preparing to launch this summer a new model of the famous iPhone, which will be but, according to information provided by the New York Times, completely redesigned.

5 iPhone will use a chipset CDMA / GSM / UMTS from Qualcomm, and this change is the final transition from Infineon, as a manufacturer of chipsets for the iPhone and iPad. From now on, Qualcomm will be responsible for producing all of their chips for mobile devices from Apple’s.

The most notable new iPhone released May however, seems to be that the phone will be launched and designed without CEO Steve Jobs to be present to coordinate things as they happened so far. Jobs took a medical leave, starting yesterday, after previously suffered from pancreatic cancer and a liver transplant was performed. Even though he said he will continue his role during the absence from office, his replacement is Tim Cook who will take over, really, everyday tasks from Apple.

In addition to completely new design that will address five iPhone, which is tested in this period chiefs Apple will get, it seems, a chip NFC (near field communication), similar to that used by Google for your Nexus S. The high-frequency wireless technology, short-range, allowing the exchange of data between two devices nearby.

Also, Apple could launch the iPhone 5:01 electronic wallet, which include applications such as iPay, iBuy, iCoupons.

5 iPhone will improve the voice system, the user will be able to very likely to ask questions rather complex gadget websites. Apple also takes into consideration, a new system for iTunes, monthly subscription, but also a technology that allows facial recognition. This new iPhone last May, the same tag uirea allowing the photographs posted on Facebook, could be channeled in different directions by those responsible for Apple: add function for facial recognition products like Aperture or iPhoto, or even facial recognition user and unlock the phone for myself.

Unbelievable but true! A Polish woman, whose identity has not been made public, gave birth to twins, a girl and a boy who had different fathers.

How was that possible? Polish became pregnant after having had intimate relations with her husband and in a short period of time, and lover. It is well known that sperm remain viable in the female reproductive unit for five days, and if, in the meantime, she has intimate relations with several men, double paternity is not impossible.

This was the case with the Polish, sure that her boyfriend is the father of children, has announced that it will introduce divorce her husband. In court, she argued that children belong to her lover, who wants to admit. The court demanded a paternity test and, after his wife and two men in her life were shocked: the husband is the father of the boy and the girl’s lover is the father.

According to Polish media, until it will determine who will have custody of children, she moved to a lover with twins.

Danone, a huge scandal in the U.S.. Activia and DanActive not claim the benefits they
U.S. Federal Trade Commission reached a settlement with the yogurt giant Danone thatit will not promote the health benefits in its advertising of two of its products soldoverseas: Activia and DanActive
Do any of Danone products even claim to be doing what, “asks the British newspaperThe Independent in its Wednesday edition. The world’s largest producer of yoghurts hasadmitted that he exaggerated claims about the health benefits of two of the mostpopular drinks daily using false advertising.
Danone has agreed to waive claims under which helps to eliminate digestiveirregularities and daily drinking his product DanActive (Actimel) improves the immunesystem, according to an agreement with U.S. consumer protection agency, the Federal Trade Commission and prosecutors general from 39 states.

The event takes place in the giant claims that the DanActive yogurt - sold in Europe -under the name Actimel - should combat diarrhea were rejected by the European Food Safety Authority.

According to The Independent, this is the second trial involving Danone in the U.S.. Forprecedent, Danone has paid 26.3 million euros.

Danone has been involved in a scandal three years ago, when some of its productshave been withdrawn from the market, containing guar gum, suspected of beingcontaminated with dioxin, a carcinogenic toxin.

Fig. 2

Most optical illusion
Look at this picture that definitely distinguish three strands, one green, one pink and a blue 3rd. But everything is an optical illusion.
Spiral green and blue is used in the same shade of green … To check you can copy the image and open it with Photoshop, and you will see that in both strands of which I speak is the same shade of green used in the rectangles Figure 2.
I think it’s incredible. And this happens because our brain “sees” what is helping is nearby. If you look closely at the bars that cross the spirals, you will see the orange stripe, do not cross the “blue and yellow stripe spiral is not green, it fools your brain and make you see that green … blue.
The conclusion is simple, you can not trust what you see even if you have vision problems.

The colors are not what they seem, the forms are not what they seem … even the image above, is definitely a square, rectangle as you tend not to believe.

Update:

To prove it’s simply the same shade of green without borders or other tricks, I played with those three colors in Photoshop, so the top instead of orange color, I used the same shade of yellow to green spiral crosses The result …. green became blue.

And at the bottom, I used the same shade of orange yellow replacing the spiral “blue”, the result? Blue became green.

After the hysteria created by the discovery of signs in the eyes of Leonardo da Vinci painting I think everyone is wondering where are the letters, numbers, signs …

Below we have a huge zoom on the left eye should note where the letters C and E or B.